Gloria Swanson

Gloria Mae Josephine Swanson se narodila 27. března 1899 v Chicagu jako americká herečka. Gloria Mae Josephine Swanson (March 27, 1899 – April 4, 1983) was an American actress. Gloria Swanson (born March 27, 1899, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.—died April 4, 1983, New York, New York) was an American motion-picture, stage, and television actress who was known primarily as a glamorous Hollywood star during the 1920s and as the fading movie queen Norma Desmond in the 1950 film Sunset Boulevard. Začátky kariéry Gloria Swanson začala svou filmovou kariéru náhodně ve věku patnácti let. The 15-year-old Swanson was offered a brief walk-on for one film and eventually a stock-players contract, beginning her life's career in front of the cameras. While touring the Essanay film studio during a visit to an aunt in Chicago when she was 14 years old, she asked if she could appear in a crowd scene. She enjoyed the work, stayed on as an extra, and was soon playing bit roles in two-reel comedies. Po přestěhování do Hollywoodu Swanson left school, and was soon hired to work in California for Mack Sennett's Keystone Studios comedy shorts opposite Bobby Vernon. Spolupráce s Cecilem B. DeMille Zlomovým okamžikem v kariéře Gloria Swanson se stala spolupráce s režisérem Cecilem B. DeMille. She was eventually recruited by Famous Players–Lasky/Paramount Pictures, where she was put under contract for seven years and became a global superstar. Soon afterward, Triangle was in a financial bind and loaned Swanson to DeMille for the comedy Don't Change Your Husband. At the behest of DeMille, Swanson signed a contract with Famous Players–Lasky on December 30, 1918, for $150 a week, to be raised to $200 a week, and eventually $350 a week. After establishing herself as both a bathing beauty and a comedienne, Swanson was hired by Cecil B. DeMille and achieved stardom during the silent film era in a series of features that included Don't Change Your Husband (1919), Male and Female (1919), Zaza (1923), Bluebeard's 8th Wife (1923), and Madame Sans-Gêne (1925). Vrchol němé éry Film Don't Change Your Husband z roku 1919 znamenal pro Gloria Swanson průlom. Don't Change Your Husband is a 1919 American silent comedy film directed by Cecil B. DeMille and starring Gloria Swanson. The film was the third of six "marriage films" directed by DeMille and the first DeMille film starring Gloria Swanson. Don't Change Your Husband was a watershed film for Gloria. It opened in January 1919 and was held over for two weeks in New York, which was unheard of at the time. Následoval další významný film Male and Female z roku 1919, She made six pictures under the direction of DeMille, including Male and Female (1919), in which she posed with a lion as "Lion's Bride". kde se Gloria Swanson proslavila ikonickou scénou s živým lvem. Vlastní produkční společnost V polovině dvacátých let Gloria Swanson založila vlastní produkční společnost. In 1925, Swanson joined United Artists as one of the film industry's pioneering women filmmakers. She produced and starred in the 1928 film Sadie Thompson, earning a nomination for Best Actress at the first annual Academy Awards. Film Sadie Thompson z roku 1928 jí přinesl první nominaci na Oscara. She was nominated for the first-ever Academy Award for best actress for Sadie Thompson and received another nomination for The Trespasser. Následoval její první zvukový film The Trespasser z roku 1929, Her sound film debut performance in 1929's The Trespasser earned her a second Academy Award nomination. který jí vynesl druhou nominaci na Oscara. Úpadek třicátých let Třicátá léta znamenala pro Gloria Swanson pokles popularity. After almost two decades in front of the cameras, her film success waned during the 1930s. After several lighter vehicles, she tired of the poor scripts available, stopped making films, and started several business ventures outside the motion-picture industry. When she made the transition to sound films as her career simultaneously began to decline, Swanson moved permanently to New York City in 1938. Swanson starred in Father Takes a Wife for RKO in 1941. Návrat ve filmu Sunset Boulevard Největší triumf své pozdní kariéry zažila Gloria Swanson v roce 1950 ve filmu Sunset Boulevard režiséra Billyho Wildera. She first achieved fame acting in dozens of silent films in the 1920s and was nominated three times for the Academy Award for Best Actress, most famously for her 1950 turn in Billy Wilder's Sunset Boulevard, which earned her a Golden Globe Award. The film stars William Holden as Joe Gillis, a struggling screenwriter, and Gloria Swanson as Norma Desmond, a former silent-film star who draws him into her deranged fantasy world, where she dreams of making a triumphant return to the screen. Widely hailed as a masterpiece of film noir, "Sunset Boulevard" briefly resurrected Swanson's career - which very much mirrored Norma Desmond's - and earned the actress her third Oscar nomination for Best Actress. Po úspěchu filmu Sunset Boulevard Gloria Swanson odmítla většinu nabídek, Swanson received several acting offers following the release of Sunset Boulevard, but turned most of them down, saying they tended to be pale imitations of Norma Desmond. Jejím posledním filmovým vystoupením byla role sama sebe ve filmu Airport 1975 z roku 1974. Her final screen appearance, in 1974, was as herself in Airport 1975.